HTML 4.0 Characters

This page includes all of the special characters supported in HTML 4.0. If you have Internet Explorer 4.0, most of the symbols will show up. If you have Netscape Navigator 4.0, some of the symbols will show up. Few other browsers support anything beyond the Standard Symbols.

Please take a couple of minutes to see which characters actually show up in your browser--or in your audiences' browsers.

Eric and Deborah Ray info@raycomm.com

Standard Symbols (supported in previous versions of HTML)

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
"	"	"	quotation mark
&	&	&	ampersand
<	<	<	less-than sign
>	>	>	greater-than sign
			no-break space
¡	¡	¡	inverted exclamation mark
¢	¢	¢	cent sign
£	£	£	pound sterling sign
¤	¤	¤	general currency sign
¥	¥	¥	yen sign
¦	¦	¦	broken (vertical) bar
§	§	§	section sign
¨	¨	¨	umlaut (dieresis)
©	©	©	copyright sign
ª	ª	ª	ordinal indicator, feminine
«	«	«	angle quotation mark, left
¬	¬	¬	not sign
			soft hyphen
®	®	®	registered sign
¯	¯	¯	macron
°	°	°	degree sign
±	±	±	plus-or-minus sign
²	²	²	superscript two
³	³	³	superscript three
´	´	´	acute accent
µ	µ	µ	micro sign
¶	¶	¶	pilcrow (paragraph sign)
·	·	·	middle dot
¸	¸	¸	cedilla
¹	¹	¹	superscript one
º	º	º	ordinal indicator, masculine
»	»	»	angle quotation mark, right
¼	¼	¼	fraction one-quarter
½	½	½	fraction one-half
¾	¾	¾	fraction three-quarters
¿	¿	¿	inverted question mark
À	À	À	capital A, grave accent
Á	Á	Á	capital A, acute accent
Â	Â	Â	capital A, circumflex accent
Ã	Ã	Ã	capital A, tilde
Ä	Ä	Ä	capital A, dieresis or umlaut mark
Å	Å	Å	capital A, ring
Æ	Æ	Æ	capital AE diphthong (ligature)
Ç	Ç	Ç	capital C, cedilla
È	È	È	capital E, grave accent
É	É	É	capital E, acute accent
Ê	Ê	Ê	capital E, circumflex accent
Ë	Ë	Ë	capital E, dieresis or umlaut mark
Ì	Ì	Ì	capital I, grave accent
Í	Í	Í	capital I, acute accent
Î	Î	Î	capital I, circumflex accent
Ï	Ï	Ï	capital I, dieresis or umlaut mark
Ð	Ð	Ð	capital Eth, Icelandic
Ñ	Ñ	Ñ	capital N, tilde
Ò	Ò	Ò	capital O, grave accent
Ó	Ó	Ó	capital O, acute accent
Ô	Ô	Ô	capital O, circumflex accent
Õ	Õ	Õ	capital O, tilde
Ö	Ö	Ö	capital O, dieresis or umlaut mark
×	×	×	multiply sign
Ø	Ø	Ø	capital O, slash
Ù	Ù	Ù	capital U, grave accent
Ú	Ú	Ú	capital U, acute accent
Û	Û	Û	capital U, circumflex accent
Ü	Ü	Ü	capital U, dieresis or umlaut mark
Ý	Ý	Ý	capital Y, acute accent
Þ	Þ	Þ	capital THORN, Icelandic
ß	ß	ß	small sharp s, German (sz ligature)
à	à	à	small a, grave accent
á	á	á	small a, acute accent
â	â	â	small a, circumflex accent
ã	ã	ã	small a, tilde
ä	ä	ä	small a, dieresis or umlaut mark
å	å	å	small a, ring
æ	æ	æ	small ae diphthong (ligature)
ç	ç	ç	small c, cedilla
è	è	è	small e, grave accent
é	é	é	small e, acute accent
ê	ê	ê	small e, circumflex accent
ë	ë	ë	small e, dieresis or umlaut mark
ì	ì	ì	small i, grave accent
í	í	í	small i, acute accent
î	î	î	small i, circumflex accent
ï	ï	ï	small i, dieresis or umlaut mark
ð	ð	ð	small eth, Icelandic
ñ	ñ	ñ	small n, tilde
ò	ò	ò	small o, grave accent
ó	ó	ó	small o, acute accent
ô	ô	ô	small o, circumflex accent
õ	õ	õ	small o, tilde
ö	ö	ö	small o, dieresis or umlaut mark
÷	÷	÷	divide sign
ø	ø	ø	small o, slash
ù	ù	ù	small u, grave accent
ú	ú	ú	small u, acute accent
û	û	û	small u, circumflex accent
ü	ü	ü	small u, dieresis or umlaut mark
ý	ý	ý	small y, acute accent
þ	þ	þ	small thorn, Icelandic
ÿ	ÿ	ÿ	small y, dieresis or umlaut mark

Latin

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
Œ	Œ	&OElig;	Latin capital ligature oe
œ	œ	&oelig;	Latin small ligature oe
Š	Š	&Scaron;	Latin capital letter s with caron
š	š	&scaron;	Latin small letter s with caron
Ÿ	Ÿ	&Yuml;	Latin capital letter y with diaeresis
ƒ	ƒ	&fnof;	Latin small f with hook

Greek

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
Α	Α	Α	Greek capital letter alpha
Β	Β	Β	Greek capital letter beta
Γ	Γ	Γ	Greek capital letter gamma
Δ	Δ	Δ	Greek capital letter delta
Ε	Ε	Ε	Greek capital letter epsilon
Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	Greek capital letter zeta
Η	Η	Η	Greek capital letter eta
Θ	Θ	Θ	Greek capital letter theta
Ι	Ι	Ι	Greek capital letter iota
Κ	Κ	Κ	Greek capital letter kappa
Λ	Λ	Λ	Greek capital letter lambda
Μ	Μ	Μ	Greek capital letter mu
Ν	Ν	Ν	Greek capital letter nu
Ξ	Ξ	Ξ	Greek capital letter xi
Ο	Ο	Ο	Greek capital letter omicron
Π	Π	Π	Greek capital letter pi
Ρ	Ρ	Ρ	Greek capital letter rho
Σ	Σ	Σ	Greek capital letter sigma
Τ	Τ	Τ	Greek capital letter tau
Υ	Υ	Υ	Greek capital letter upsilon
Φ	Φ	Φ	Greek capital letter phi
Χ	Χ	Χ	Greek capital letter chi
Ψ	Ψ	Ψ	Greek capital letter psi
Ω	Ω	Ω	Greek capital letter omega
α	α	α	Greek small letter alpha
β	β	β	Greek small letter beta
γ	γ	γ	Greek small letter gamma
δ	δ	δ	Greek small letter delta
ε	ε	ε	Greek small letter epsilon
ζ	ζ	ζ	Greek small letter zeta
η	η	η	Greek small letter eta
θ	θ	θ	Greek small letter theta
ι	ι	ι	Greek small letter iota
κ	κ	κ	Greek small letter kappa
λ	λ	λ	Greek small letter lambda
μ	μ	μ	Greek small letter mu
ν	ν	ν	Greek small letter nu
ξ	ξ	ξ	Greek small letter xi
ο	ο	ο	Greek small letter omicron
π	π	π	Greek small letter pi
ρ	ρ	ρ	Greek small letter rho
ς	ς	&sigmaf;	Greek small letter final sigma
σ	σ	σ	Greek small letter sigma
τ	τ	τ	Greek small letter tau
υ	υ	υ	Greek small letter upsilon
φ	φ	φ	Greek small letter phi
χ	χ	χ	Greek small letter chi
ψ	ψ	ψ	Greek small letter psi
ω	ω	ω	Greek small letter omega
ϑ	ϑ	&thetasym;	Greek small letter theta symbol
ϒ	ϒ	&upsih;	Greek upsilon with hook symbol
ϖ	ϖ	ϖ	Greek pi symbol

General Punctuation

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
ˆ	ˆ	&circ;	modifier letter circumflex accent
˜	˜	&tilde;	small tilde
		&ensp;	en space
		&emsp;	em space
			thin space
‌	‌	&zwnj;	zero width non-joiner
‍	‍	&zwj;	zero width joiner
‎	‎	&lrm;	left-to-right mark
‏	‏	&rlm;	right-to-left mark
–	–	–	en dash
—	—	—	em dash
‘	‘	‘	left single quotation mark
’	’	’	right single quotation mark
‚	‚	&sbquo;	single low-9 quotation mark
“	“	“	left double quotation mark
”	”	”	right double quotation mark
„	„	&bdquo;	double low-9 quotation mark
†	†	&dagger;	dagger
‡	‡	&Dagger;	double dagger
•	•	•	bullet (black small circle)
…	…	…	horizontal ellipsis (three dot leader)
‰	‰	&permil;	per mille sign
′	′	′	prime (minutes or feet)
″	″	″	double prime (seconds or =inches)
‹	‹	&lsaquo;	single left-pointing angle quotation mark
›	›	&rsaquo;	single right-pointing angle quotation mark
‾	‾	&oline;	overline (spacing overscore)
⁄	⁄	&frasl;	fraction slash

Letterlike Symbols

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
℘	℘	&weierp;	script capital P (power set or Weierstrass p)
ℑ	ℑ	&image;	blackletter capital I (imaginary part)
ℜ	ℜ	&real;	blackletter capital R (real part symbol)
™	™	™	trade mark sign
ℵ	ℵ	&alefsym;	alef symbol (first transfinite cardinal)

Arrows

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
←	←	←	leftwards arrow
↑	↑	↑	upwards arrow
→	→	→	rightwards arrow
↓	↓	↓	downwards arrow
↔	↔	↔	left right arrow
↵	↵	&crarr;	downwards arrow with corner leftwards (carriage return)
⇐	⇐	⇐	leftwards double arrow
⇑	⇑	&uArr;	upwards double arrow
⇒	⇒	⇒	rightwards double arrow
⇓	⇓	&dArr;	downwards double arrow
⇔	⇔	⇔	left right double arrow

Mathematical Operators

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
∀	∀	∀	for all
∂	∂	∂	partial differential
∃	∃	∃	there exists
∅	∅	∅	empty set (null set or diameter)
∇	∇	∇	nabla (backward difference)
∈	∈	∈	element of
∉	∉	∉	not an element of
∋	∋	&ni;	contains as member
∏	∏	∏	n-ary product (product sign)
∑	∑	∑	n-ary sumation
−	−	−	minus sign
∗	∗	&lowast;	asterisk operator
√	√	√	square root (radical sign)
∝	∝	&prop;	proportional to
∞	∞	∞	infinity
∠	∠	&ang;	angle
⊥	⊥	&and;	logical and (wedge)
⊦	⊦	&or;	logical or (vee)
∩	∩	∩	intersection (cap)
∪	∪	∪	union (cup)
∫	∫	∫	integral
∴	∴	&there4;	therefore
∼	∼	&sim;	tilde operator (varies with or similar to)
≅	≅	&cong;	approximately equal to
≈	≈	≈	almost equal to (asymptotic to)
≠	≠	≠	not equal to
≡	≡	&equiv;	identical to
≤	≤	≤	less-than or equal to
≥	≥	≥	greater-than or equal to
⊂	⊂	⊂	subset of
⊃	⊃	⊃	superset of
⊄	⊄	&nsub;	not a subset of
⊆	⊆	&sube;	subset of or equal to
⊇	⊇	&supe;	superset of or equal to
⊕	⊕	&oplus;	circled plus (direct sum)
⊗	⊗	&otimes;	circled times (vector product)
⊥	⊥	&perp;	up tack (orthogonal to or perpendicular)
⋅	⋅	⋅	dot operator

Miscellaneous Technical Symbols

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
⌈	⌈	&lceil;	left ceiling (apl upstile)
⌉	⌉	&rceil;	right ceiling
⌊	⌊	&lfloor;	left floor (apl downstile)
⌋	⌋	&rfloor;	right floor
〈	〈	&lang;	left-pointing angle bracket
〉	〉	&rang;	right-pointing angle bracket

Miscellaneous Symbols

Symbol	Numeric	Mnemonic	Description
◊	◊	&loz;	lozenge
♠	♠	&spades;	black spade suit
♣	♣	&clubs;	black club suit (shamrock)
♥	♥	&hearts;	black heart suit (valentine)
♦	♦	&diams;	black diamond suit

Portions � International Organization for Standardization 1986
Permission to copy in any form is granted for use with
conforming SGML systems and applications as defined in
ISO 8879, provided this notice is included in all copies.